PHP How to use loop types

Loops in PHP are used to execute the same block of code a specified number of times. PHP supports following four loop types.
  • for - loops through a block of code a specified number of times.
  • while - loops through a block of code if and as long as a specified condition is true.
  • do...while - loops through a block of code once, and then repeats the loop as long as a special condition is true.
  • foreach - loops through a block of code for each element in an array.
We will discuss about continue and break keywords used to control the loops execution.

The for loop statement

The for statement is used when you know how many times you want to execute a statement or a block of statements.
Syntax 
for (initialization; condition; increment)
{
  code to be executed;
}
The initializer is used to set the start value for the counter of the number of loop iterations. A variable may be declared here for this purpose and it is traditional to name it $i.

Example

The following example makes five iterations and changes the assigned value of two variables on each pass of the loop:
<html>
<body>
<?php
$a = 0;
$b = 0;

for( $i=0; $i<5; $i++ )
{
    $a += 10;
    $b += 5;
}
echo ("At the end of the loop a=$a and b=$b" );
?>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
At the end of the loop a=50 and b=25

The while loop statement

The while statement will execute a block of code if and as long as a test expression is true.
If the test expression is true then the code block will be executed. After the code has executed the test expression will again be evaluated and the loop will continue until the test expression is found to be false.
Syntax
while (condition)
{
    code to be executed;
}

Example

This example decrements a variable value on each iteration of the loop and the counter increments until it reaches 10 when the evaluation is false and the loop ends.
<html>
<body>
<?php
$i = 0;
$num = 50;

while( $i < 10)
{
   $num--;
   $i++;
}
echo ("Loop stopped at i = $i and num = $num" );
?>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Loop stopped at i = 10 and num = 40

The do...while loop statement

The do...while statement will execute a block of code at least once - it then will repeat the loop as long as a condition is true.
Syntax
do
{
   code to be executed;
}while (condition);

Example

The following example will increment the value of i at least once, and it will continue incrementing the variable i as long as it has a value of less than 10:
<html>
<body>
<?php
$i = 0;
$num = 0;
do
{
  $i++;
}while( $i < 10 );
echo ("Loop stopped at i = $i" );
?>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Loop stopped at i = 10

The foreach loop statement

The foreach statement is used to loop through arrays. For each pass the value of the current array element is assigned to $value and the array pointer is moved by one and in the next pass next element will be processed.
Syntax 
foreach (array as value)
{
    code to be executed;

}

Example

Try out following example to list out the values of an array.
<html>
<body>
<?php
$array = array( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
foreach( $array as $value )
{
  echo "Value is $value <br />";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Value is 1
Value is 2
Value is 3
Value is 4
Value is 5

The break statement

The PHP break keyword is used to terminate the execution of a loop prematurely.
The break statement is situated inside the statement block. If gives you full control and whenever you want to exit from the loop you can come out. After coming out of a loop immediate statement to the loop will be executed.

Example

In the following example condition test becomes true when the counter value reaches 3 and loop terminates.
<html>
<body>

<?php
$i = 0;

while( $i < 10)
{
   $i++;
   if( $i == 3 )break;
}
echo ("Loop stopped at i = $i" );
?>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result:
Loop stopped at i = 3

The continue statement

The PHP continue keyword is used to halt the current iteration of a loop but it does not terminate the loop.
Just like the break statement the continue statement is situated inside the statement block containing the code that the loop executes, preceded by a conditional test. For the pass encountering continue statement, rest of the loop code is skipped and next pass starts.

Example

In the following example loop prints the value of array but for which condition becomes true it just skip the code and next value is printed.
<html>
<body>
<?php
$array = array( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
foreach( $array as $value )
{
  if( $value == 3 )continue;
  echo "Value is $value <br />";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
This will produce following result
Value is 1
Value is 2
Value is 4
Value is 5

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

LINUX Move and copy files using SSH

Often you will need to move one or more files/folders or copy them to a different location. You can do so easily using an SSH connection. The commands which you would need to use are mv (short from move) and cp (short from copy). The mv command syntax looks like this: mv configuration.php-dist configuration.php By issuing the above command we will move (rename) the file configuration.php-dist to configuration.php. You can also use mv to move a whole directory and its content: mv includes/* ./ This will move all files (and folders) in the includes/ directory to the current working directory. In some cases however, we will need to only update the files and move only files that were changed, which we can do by passing ‘ -u ’ as argument to the command: mv -u includes/* admin/includes The copy (cp) command works the same way as mv, but instead of moving the files/folders it copies them. For example: cp configuration.php-dist configuration.php The command will copy the co
Read more

PHP Predefined Variables

PHP provides a large number of predefined variables to any script which it runs.PHP provides an additional set of predefined arrays containing variables from the web server the environment, and user input. These new arrays are called superglobals: All the following variables are automatically available in every scope. PHP Superglobals: Variable Description $GLOBALS Contains a reference to every variable which is currently available within the global scope of the script. The keys of this array are the names of the global variables. $_SERVER This is an array containing information such as headers, paths, and script locations. The entries in this array are created by the web server. There is no guarantee that every web server will provide any of these. See next section for a complete list of all the SERVER variables. $_GET An associative array of variables passed to the current script via the HTTP GET method. $_POST An associative array of variable
Read more

Java : Variables Declaring

[1]. Java Variables Variables are containers for storing data values. In Java, there are different types of variables, for example: String - stores text, such as "Hello". String values are surrounded by double quotes int - stores integers (whole numbers), without decimals, such as 123 or -123 float - stores floating point numbers, with decimals, such as 19.99 or -19.99 char - stores single characters, such as 'a' or 'B'. Char values are surrounded by single quotes boolean - stores values with two states: true or false [2]. Declaring (Creating) Variables To create a variable, you must specify the type and assign it a value: Syntax type variable = value ; Where type is one of Java's types (such as int or String), and variable is the name of the variable (such as x or name). The equal sign is used to assign values to the variable. To create a variable that should store text, look at the following example: Example Create a variable called  name  of type  Stri
Read more